Glossary

Glossary
CGI
common gateway interface; an application that takes input from the client,
processes it on the server, and returns the results
DNS
domain naming system; a general-purpose distributed, replicated, data-query
service; it is principally used to look up host IP addresses based on host names;
some important domains are .com (commercial), .edu (educational), .net
(network operations), .gov (U.S. government), and .mil (U.S. military); most
countries also have a domain; the country domain names are based on the
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International Standards Organization (ISO) 3166 (e.g., .us [United States], .uk
[United Kingdom], .au [Australia])
FTP
file transfer protocol; a protocol that allows a user on one host to access and
transfer files to and from another host over a network; FTP is commonly the
name of the program the user invokes to execute the protocol
HTML
hypertext markup language; the language used in the Web to cr eate Web pages
with links to other documents, rich text enhancements (bold, italics, etc.), and so
on; the source file for what is seen on a Web page is written in HTML
HTTP
hypertext transfer protocol; used in the Web to transfer information from Web
servers to Web browsers
SSL
secure socket layer; an encryption technology for the Web used to provide secure
transactions such as the transmission of credit-card numbers for e-commerce
URL
uniform resource locator; an identifier that describes the location of a particular
piece of information (e.g., document) including the protocol used to retrieve that
information
Web
World Wide Web; a hypertext-based, distributed information system created by
researchers at CERN in Switzerland, enabling users to create, edit, or browse
hypertext documents
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